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Porcupines Give You 30,000 Reasons to Back Off | Deep Look
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DEEP LOOK is a ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small.
The quills of North American porcupines have microscopic backward-facing barbs on the tips. Those barbs make the quills slide in easy but very difficult to remove.
Researchers at Harvard are looking to porcupine quills for inspiration in designing a new type of surgical staple that would also use tiny barbs to keep itself lodged into the patient’s skin. This helps because traditional staples curve in under the skin to keep the staple in place. This creates more damage and can provide a place for bacteria to infect the wound.
--- How do porcupines defend themselves?
If threatened, a porcupine will bristle, raising its quills. The quills are densest in an area on the porcupine's back called the rosette. The quills are coated in a grease secreted by the porcupine’s skin. When the porcupine exposes its quills it releases a musky odor unique to porcupines that serves as a warning.
The porcupine turns so that it’s head faces away from the attacker and chatters its teeth to make an audible warning. If that’s not enough, he porcupine will use its muscular tail, covered in quills, to slap their attacker if they get too close.
--- Do porcupines shoot their quills?
Porcupines do not shoot their quills out. That’s a myth. Porcupine quills are held by their skin in a way that makes them difficult to fall out unless pushed in first, usually by contact with an attacker. The tail moves so quickly that it can appear that it is shooting the quills out.
---+ Read the entire article on KQED Science:
https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2019/04/09/porcupines-give-you-30,000-reasons-to-back-off/
---+ For more information:
Professor Uldis Roze studies North American porcupines at Queens College at the City University of New York:
http://biology.qc.cuny.edu/people/faculty/dr-uldis-roze/
Dr. Jeff Karp is developing a new type of surgical staple inspired by the barbs on North American porcupine quills.
http://www.karplab.net/portfolio-item/porcupine-inspired-needles
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