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Cryptosporidium Infected Organoids | MoD Animation | Science Animation | MoA Animation

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An infection with the #Cryptosporidiumparasite can cause severe diarrhea. In healthy people with a functioning immune system, these symptoms disappear automatically. However, this is not always the case in AIDS patients, the elderly or in malnourished children. Cryptosporidiosis is therefore one of the largest causes of childhood mortality worldwide. However, currently too little is known about the parasite to develop a vaccine or an adequate medicine. This is mainly due to the lack of a good in-vitroculture system derived from healthy tissue that can mimic an infection with Cryptosporidium outside the human body.

Researchers at the Hubrecht Institute have now succeeded in establishing a breeding method for the malicious parasite. They did so with the help of organoids: mini-organs that consist of, for example, lung or intestinal tissue and are grown outside the human body from stem cells. Organoids consist of cells that have organized themselves in the same way as in organs and continue to live in the laboratory.

The scientists showed that #Cryptosporidium can infect intestinal and lung organoids and propagate itself for long periods of time. The parasites completed their entire cycle in organoids and the newly produced oocysts were also able to infect new target cells, just like the oocysts that cause infection in the human body. Gene expression profiling showed an activation of genes involved in innate immune responses. Furthermore, the scientists could ascertain that the absorptive enterocytes are the cell type that are targeted by the parasite in the small epithelium.

According to the researchers, their method is a new way to study Cryptosporidium infection and will open avenues for similar host-microbe interactions studies using organoid cultures. They propose to combine their method with the genetic manipulation of the parasite, so that the different steps in the development can be studied even better.

CONTENT
00:00 Organoid Infection
00:34 Excystation of oocyst to release sporozoites
00:54 Formation of type 1 Meront inside organoid lumen
01:14 Formation of type 2 Meront inside organoid lumen
01:30 Formation of sexual stages inside organoid lumen
01:51 New oocyst are formed inside the organoid lumen

SOURCE
Modeling Cryptosporidium infection in human small intestinal and lung organoids

Inha Heo, Devanjali Dutta, Deborah Schaefer, Nino Iakobachvili, Benedetta Artegiani, Norman Sachs, Kim Boonekamp, Gregory Bowden, Antoni Hendrickx, Robert Willems, Peter Peters, Michael Riggs, Roberta O’Connor, Hans Clevers
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-018-0177-8

#science #medicalanimation

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